Processes for the valorization of food and agricultural wastes to value-added products: recent practices and perspectives

Biorefineries contribute to a circular bioeconomy using renewable feedstock produce commodity and specialty chemicals as an alternative petroleum chemicals. Using waste streams such food agricultural for biorefineries is promising approach obtaining value-added products in economically feasible sustainable way. The conversion of biomass offers diverse opportunities but poses new technological challenges. This paper aims review the current state valorisation by giving brief technical overview, summarizing bio-based market, identifying barriers scaling-up biorefineries. Utilizing lignocellulosic calls pre-treatment due its complex structure, which broken into monosaccharides, building blocks products. Different art technologies lignocellulose introduced followed explanation role hydrolysis fermentation. economic aspect chemical production from at industrial scale also overview some recent techno-economic studies.